1.1 Listen to part of an interview from a radio travel programme. The reporter is talking about his recent visit to the island of Lombok in Indonesia. Which of these problems did the reporter encounter on his trip?
🎧 Recording 13
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Recording 13 — Transcript
Presenter: And this week's traveller is Tom Kenning, who visited the island of Lombok in Indonesia. Tom, how was the trip?
Tom: Well, it was great overall, but it did have its ups and downs. It started badly, actually. I'd been so anxious to get into the taxi that I'd forgotten to pick up my passport from the bedside table.
Presenter: Oh no! So what happened?
Tom: Well, luckily I noticed in time. They made us wait outside the harbour for hours. Goodness knows what we were waiting for — something to do with the tides. A number of people had encouraged me to go to the coral reefs off the northwest coast. When I was younger I used to hate swimming in the sea, but in Lombok I really got into it.
Presenter: And the jellyfish attack?
Tom: I was just snorkelling near the reef when I felt it sting me across the stomach. It really hurt. I couldn't get out of the way. The guide tried to reassure me — I really appreciated him looking after me so well.
Presenter: Despite everything, it sounds like you had a good time?
Tom: I did. The scenery was incredible. Standing on the beach watching the amazing sunset, it was almost possible to believe it. I regretted not having taken my real camera. I ended up using the camera in my mobile phone, but the quality was pretty poor. Still, I hope to be going back again.
1.2 Listen again and fill in the gaps.
1 I'd been so anxious to get into the taxi that I it up.
2 They outside the harbour for hours.made us wait
3 A number of people to the coral reefs off the northwest coast.had encouraged me to go
4 When I was younger I in the sea.used to hate swimming
5 As it swam past I across the stomach.felt it sting me
6 I really so well.appreciated him looking after me
7 Standing on the beach , it was almost possible to believe it.watching the amazing sunset
8 I the camera in my mobile phone, but the quality was pretty poor.ended up using
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1.3 Notice that in each space in 1.2 you have written two verbs, and that the second verb has either a to-infinitive or an -ing form.
1. In three of these sentences you could use the other form of the verb and still have a correct sentence. Which three?
4, 5 and 6
2. In only one of these three would the sentence have a similar meaning with either a to-infinitive or an -ing form. Which one?
4 — (hate swimming / hate to swim both possible with similar meaning)
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Section 2 — Grammar
2.1Verb + to-infinitive / -ing: same or different meaning
Start Point
I managed to find a friendly taxi driver.(verb + to-infinitive only)
I considered staying for a few more days.(verb + -ing only)
Some verbs take either form with little/no difference: start, begin, continue, cease, hate, like, love, prefer. After would, always use to-infinitive: I'd love to go. Some verbs change meaning: I came to realise (gradual process) vs it came swimming towards me (direction). Use -ing after prepositions: looking forward to staying.
I came to realise that the Lombok people are very kind.
I'd really been looking forward to staying at the hotel.
When I was younger I used to hate swimming / to swim in the sea.
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2.2Verb + bare infinitive · Verb + object + to-infinitive or -ing
Make and let + object + bare infinitive: They made us wait. After passive make, use to-infinitive: We were made to wait. Verbs of perception (feel, hear, see, watch) + object + bare infinitive or -ing: bare infinitive = complete action, -ing = action in progress. After help, either bare or to-infinitive. Some verbs need an object before to-infinitive: encourage, advise, persuade, tell. Some can't: decide, agree, refuse.
They made us wait outside the harbour for hours.
We were made to wait outside the harbour for hours.
I felt it stinging me across the stomach. (= action in progress)
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Section 3 — Grammar Exercises
3.1 Choose the correct answer. Sometimes more than one option is possible.
1
The President 'Yes' in tomorrow's referendum on joining the European Union.
2
After Chan injured his knee last year, a number of specialists football, but he is still playing as well as ever.
3
A video recording from a security camera at the bank was used in Thomas' trial. It clearly a gun at the cashier.
4
If you have any questions, please write to me. I can't immediately, but I will certainly write back before the end of the month.
5
'You can lead a horse to water but you can't .' (a proverb)
6
We really us move house.
7
I decided to look for a new job as I in front of a computer all day.
8
Now that Lena has bought a house in Brussels, I will have to my flat with me.
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3.2 Complete these texts using each verb in the appropriate form. If necessary, add a preposition and/or object before the verb.
A — verbs: be promoted · phone · steal · dismiss · fire
'I think it's fair to say that Jim Thompson wasn't liked in our company and when he was made sales manager, many of us objected to (1) . Over the next few weeks, things just got worse. When we walked past his office, we often heard (2) to his friends on the phone.him talking (to his friends) Then one of my colleagues caught (3) some money from the cash box.him stealing Eventually, a group of us went to the Managing Director of the company and demanded (4) Thompson dismissed.that Thompson be dismissed But despite our objections, the MD said that he wasn't prepared (5) his own son!'to fire
B — verbs: catch · become hungry · eat · escape · call
When a bear broke out of its cage at Dudland Zoo last week and climbed a nearby tree, there wasn't much the zookeepers could do. They failed (1) it with the large net they had,to catch it and then just had to wait (2) hungry.for it to become hungry They put some honey inside its cage, and eventually the bear came back and began (3) it.to eat it / eating it
Since then, there has been a lot of criticism of the zoo staff by local residents. Mo Baker, 41, said: 'I accept that keepers couldn't have done much to prevent (4) , but they didn't even bother (5) the police.'the bear escaping / calling the police
C — verbs: mention · have · see · do · pick up · hurry up
Do you remember (1) that you wanted a recent photo of me? Well, here it is.mentioning Yes, it's not very flattering, but you know how I hate (2) my photo taken.having / to have Can't wait (3) you again in July.to see Until then, you'll have to make (4) with this photo!do Let me know when your flight gets in and I'll get Laura or Daniel (5) you from the airport.to pick you up
Must go. We're off to the cinema tonight, so I have to hurry (6) dinner ready.up getting / up to get
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3.3 Complete the sentences with phrases from the box. Use a to-infinitive, bare infinitive or -ing form (including perfect and continuous forms).
ring today about the car · announce large-scale redundancies · very similar to Romanian · you should contact the human resources manager · take part in the London Marathon · the south side of the city · would be happy to help out · orbit the Earth · go away to college · say something aggressive · speak the local language
1
If your headache doesn't go soon, try .
2
The Department of Health has just launched a campaign to encourage people .to speak the local language
3
Around 2,000 people are believed in the disaster.to have died / to have been killed
4
I didn't want to speak to Jakub, so when he walked past I pretended .not to have seen him
5
He had such a bad temper that no one dared to him.say / to say anything aggressive
6
They say that Mark can be quite aggressive, but personally I've never heard him .say / saying anything aggressive
7
She started life as a teacher, but went on when she became a company director.to announce large-scale redundancies
8
Now that Laura has gone away to college, I really miss .her going away to college / having her around